Description
Acid Yellow 1 belongs to the chemical class of nitro colorants, specifically to the subgroup of sulfonated aromatic nitro derivatives. These molecules are characterized by nitro groups (–NO₂) attached to polycyclic aromatic structures. In cosmetics, ingredients with a hair coloring function impart tone to the hair. The same substance is listed in Annex IV (colorants), reference 3 (CI 10316), as disodium 5,7-dinitro-8-oxidonaphthalene-2-sulfonate and its insoluble barium, strontium and zirconium lakes, salts and pigments, with the indication "Not to be used in eye products".
Under Regulation (EC) No 1223/2009, this ingredient is regulated in Annex III, reference 214, which lists substances permitted with restrictions. The authorized product types are: hair colorant substance in oxidative hair dye products and hair colorant substance in non-oxidative hair dye products. For the non-oxidative application, the maximum authorized concentration is "0,2%". For the oxidative application, the following condition is laid down: "After mixing under oxidative conditions the maximum concentration applied to hair must not exceed 1,0%". The labelling must mandatorily include the following literal warning: "Hair colorants can cause severe allergic reactions". The substance does not appear with a CMR classification under this harmonized regulatory framework.
Ingredients with a hair coloring function are used in formulations intended to change the tone of the hair. Their composition is adjusted to comply with the limits and warnings laid down by the applicable regulatory framework. The information presented is for technical reference only and does not constitute a recommendation for use or an efficacy claim.